Universality: Exclusivity alone does not create value because value is not automatically generated by monopolizing something that isn’t worthwhile. For a monopoly to effectively build value, the monopoly object must be scarce and in limited supply. Conversely, universality also creates value. Scarcity relates to the concept of universality as a correspondence, and the value of universality is also affected by the limitations imposed by scarcity. Nothing has absolute value; all values are merely relative. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”
Even though $1 million of one’s own money and $1 million of others’ money are numerically the same, their characteristics will differ significantly. In other words, while money is represented numerically, it serves various purposes, and its usage remains unexpressed when distributed in the market. Money is accounted for to illustrate this situation because the purpose of its use is more significant than the number (amount). Specifically, double-entry bookkeeping is the most reliable method for reflecting both the amount and its use. Therefore, if a CEO doesn’t understand double-entry bookkeeping, it is akin to managing blindly. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”