There are two primary approaches to creating something: bottom-up design and top-down design . Top-down design is often seen in architecture. People do not build bricks randomly; instead, they follow the design drawings created by the architect. This method executes a plan that has already been established. When asked why something is built in a certain way, the answer is usually that the blueprint dictates its design. Conversely, bottom-up design does not start with a fixed goal, but rather involves setting and implementing small, actionable rules. For example, termite nests follow this approach. Small termites have a simple rule: to pile up soil. They do this without knowing the reason, but over time, the finished structure is remarkable and sophisticated. The appearance of the Sagrada Familia church , designed by Antoni Gaudà and still under construction, closely resembles a termite nest, differing only in size. Setting goals and planning is one way to create, but actual achievem...
The physical value of a book is a measurable cost of paper, printing, and labor charges , but estimating the value of the book’s contents is difficult. Most intangible values are similarly challenging to assess. We purchase the intangible value of a book at its physical price. When revenues are generated, the added value produced can be realized. These revenues arise solely from sales, which are based on price, not value. In essence, there is always an imbalance between price and value , and this imbalance determines whether one is wealthy or poor. Management is the act that shifts this imbalance in my favor. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”