Peter Drucker stated that marketing is not the same as sales; instead, it aims to make sales unnecessary. He also mentioned that marketing is not just the final step in production but occurs at every stage from beginning to end. Furthermore, a company’s functions can be categorized into marketing and innovation. While sales are vital for generating revenue, it’s crucial to grasp the concept that marketing makes sales redundant. Many companies struggle because they fail to understand this concept and incur losses from unnecessary expenses. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”
In business, capital means business funds. A successful entrepreneur often says, "I started my business without any capital". It's partly true, but it's a lie. The entrepreneur just said that capital means only cash. However, all kinds of businesses need to be fundamentally business funds in any even not cash. The entrepreneur didn't count the founder's labor cost. No inputs, no outcomes. The uncounted labor costs are called "alternative costs" or "opportunity costs". This comes from comparative advantage. If the entrepreneur doesn't accept the uncounted labor cost as a debt, the entrepreneur is equivalent to losing the profit due to opportunity costs. Please always remember this. There is no free lunch in this world. - Joseph’s “just my thoughts”